• WWII began in 1939.
• 5.9 million females were working in Britain by 1914.
• Most common job- domestic service
• Lived in attics.
• Worked long hours as cleaners, cooks or chamber maids
• Didn’t require a high level of education
• Textile industry
• “  ”- supervises the spinning and weaving machines
• Pay was lower for women then for men
• Sweat trades
• Working excessive hours
• Unsanitary conditions
• Clothing and dress making
• Piece rates- paid for every item they made
• School leaving age- 12
• The women had to construct military equipment
• Some were left at home to raise families
• Factories
• Pro Baseball
• Nurses
• Doctors
• Mills
• Building weapons
• Textile Companies
• Cooking meals
• Job Market
• Military/Industial Complex
• Airforce Service Pilots
• Snipers
• Machine Gunners
• Tank Crew Members/Partisans
• Auxiliary Roles
• Military Role largely cloed to Women= officers
• Land Forces
• Medics
• Communication Personnel
• Political Officers
• Naval Service
• Service Pilots
• Army Corps
• Sevice Medal
• Land Army

    During 1939, World War Two, women played very important roles. Many people believe that without the women in this war, many things would not have worked the way they did. Many women were forced into the head of the family role because the males were gone. Some made weapons for the war, and others were turned away.

    The most common job for women in World War Two, was working in domestic services. They lived in attics and worked long, hard hours. They worked as cleaners, cooks, or chamber maids. This also didn't require much of an education. 5.9 million females were working in Britan by 1914. Another important industry, was the Textile Industry. This is where they supervised the spinning and weaving machines. Of course, the pay was much lower for women than men. They also worked in very unsanitary conditions in sweat trades, and working excessive hours in clothing and dress making. The women were often paid in Piece Rates where they are paid for each item that they make.

    Some women were also nurses, doctors, medics, ect. They cooked meals, worked in factories, played pro-baseball, built weapons, worked as airforce pilots, snipers, machine gunners, and many other more. Also, many Japanese-American women worked in the camps. They all went to college in the east, and had to deal with racism, sexism, ect. The relation between Japan and the Soviet Union have been extremely affected by the position of Japan. The power of Russia, China, and the United States and the policies of these countries toward Japan have dramaticallY changed during the past fifty years.

    Women were underrepresented in the CPSU and in the leadership. Women were constited at 27.6 percent in 1983 in the membership party and only 4.2 percent of the Central Committee. In 1986 they were totally absent from Politburo. The authorites neglected to add the average pay for women in fields that were below the country's average pay. Soviet authorites have often pointed the high percentage of women in certain fields to prove that they have gender equality.

    The industry conditions and health that the women of the soviet union were in were not great. They worked in very unsanitarry conditions and their health was not the best. The doctor is normally a women. She would give first aid care, general supervision, and recieves daily records. Equal payment of wages for a given number of work hours is not part of the policy in the Russian communist. Women played an important role in Great Patriotic War. They also played an important role in the armed forces during WWII. However, very few of these women were promoted officers. They were also aviaters, land forces, and partisans.

     The Soviet economy was rapidly reconstructed which increased five times since 1945. This allowed steady improvements for living standards for women. This included retirement plans for women that were 55 and 60 for males. There was also no discrimination for working mothers. New laws were reinforced in 1970 were abloished for night work and underground work for women. The right for pregnant women to transfer to lighter work and with a fully paid maternity leave for 56 days after and before the birth of child.

Bibliography:

Pickerd, Jen. Women in the Soviet Union. 11 Mar. 2008 <http://www.newyouth.com/archives/theory/women/women_in_the_soviet_union.asp >

Female Roles in the World Wars. 11 Mar 2008 < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_roles_in_the_world_wars >.

http://photius.com/countries/soviet_union_former/society/soviet_union_former_society_role_of_women.html